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Home› Part II – Political economy propositions› Chapter 2 - Commodities›Proposition 2.14
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2.14 Every composite commodity is produced by means of the purchase of several other commodities, one of which is usually the labor supplied by at least one individual.

Using the terminological conventions laid down above, we can just as easily say: every composite commodity is produced by means of the purchase of several commodities, one of which is generally the primary commodity, always exchanged in exchange for wages.

This observation is, of course, to be compared with the already made and more general observation that commodities are exchanged for commodities.

1. Contributions in kind and in industry to a commercial enterprise, new or already constituted, are the creation of commodities.

This commodity39, exchanged for a fraction of the ownership and profits of the enterprise, enters into (participates in) the composition of the commodity sold by the enterprise.

2. Example of civil servants

Françoise and François sell a portion of the harvest from a garden they cultivate. In doing so, they create composite commodities and, whether they recognize it or not, an enterprise that will endure as long as they continue to sell that share of their product of labor. The additional income this generates is a creation of economic exchange value. The part of the harvest they consume or give away does not enter the circuit of economic exchanges. In an Objective Political Economy, it need not be included in an economic aggregate; in a sprawling economy, by contrast, it finds its place alongside monetary evaluations of the same kind.

3. This poses a fundamental political and ethical problem.

Do we want to push the economy to become as defined or as sprawling as it is possible to make it?

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